Nine Tennessee death row inmates are suing the state over its push for a new round of lethal injections after an execution was abruptly called off in 2022 and a follow-up investigation found scores of missteps in several executions, reported The Associated Press.
More than a decade ago, Richard Glossip, and several other death row inmates challenged lethal injection is Tennessee. The U.S. Supreme Court denied his their claim of cruel and unusual punishment, Glossip v. Gross, 576 US 863 (2015). On a side note, Glossip made his way back to the Supreme Court this year, and the high court granted him a new trial and a chance to be exonerated, Glossip v. Oklahoma, 22-7466.
The lawsuit was filed March 14 in state court, nearly three
months after officials announced a new lethal injection protocol using the
single drug pentobarbital. The Tennessee Supreme Court recently agreed to
schedule executions for four inmates with the first set for May.
The lawsuit argues that pain and suffering from executions
using pentobarbital violate the Eighth Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual
punishment. They also contend that the Tennessee Department of Correction has
failed to make changes to the execution process as the governor and an
independent investigator recommended — or if it has, it has not told the
public. Rather, the lawsuit claims, department officials wrote a new protocol
with few specifics, making it harder to hold them accountable.
The attorney general’s office said it is reviewing the
lawsuit. A Correction spokesperson declined to comment on it.
Tennessee’s lethal injection problem
Tennessee executions have been paused since 2022, when the
state admitted it had not
been following its most recent 2018 lethal injection protocol. Among
other things, the Correction Department was not consistently testing the
execution drugs for potency and purity. Tennessee’s last execution was by
electrocution in 2020.
An independent
review of Tennessee’s lethal injection practice, which GOP Gov. Bill
Lee ordered while pausing executions, found none of the drugs prepared for the
seven inmates executed since 2018 had been fully tested — including the
canceled 2022 execution.
Later, the state attorney general’s office conceded in court
that two of the people most responsible for overseeing Tennessee’s lethal
injection drugs “incorrectly testified” under oath that officials were
testing the chemicals as required. Two department officials with
execution-related duties were fired.
The new lawsuit says the Department of Correction has said
nothing publicly about whether it has fixed some issues raised, despite telling
a federal judge it would complete recommendations by the governor and the
independent investigator, former U.S. Attorney Ed Stanton.
For instance, the governor directed the department to review
and overhaul its execution training procedures. Stanton, meanwhile, recommended
hiring someone full-time or as a consultant with a pharmaceutical background to
offer guidance on the lethal injection protocol. Stanton also suggested hiring
a full-time specialist for chemical testing standards, and storage of testing
results and the chemicals themselves.
From three drugs to one
Tennessee is moving from a three-drug series to just one,
the barbiturate pentobarbital. Fifteen states and the federal government have
used pentobarbital in executions, and five others plan to, according to the
nonprofit Death Penalty Information Center. Previously, Tennessee struggled to
obtain the drug because pharmaceutical companies were hesitant to fuel
executions. The state has not said publicly how it plans to obtain
pentobarbital.
In prior lawsuits, attorneys for the Tennessee prisoners had
argued pentobarbital was preferable to the three drugs — midazolam, vecuronium
bromide and potassium chloride.
That’s because U.S. Supreme Court precedent requires inmates
challenging an execution method to detail a “known and available alternative,”
even if they also consider the alternative unconstitutional. They’ve named
other alternatives, including the firing squad.
In the latest lawsuit, the attorneys argue that death by
pentobarbital could feel like drowning or suffocation as the lungs fill with
liquid.
The lawyers cite research released after their previous
lawsuits. And they noted that the Department of Justice under then President
Joe Biden raised concerns about pentobarbital’s potential for causing
“unnecessary pain and suffering” during executions.
The U.S. Supreme Court has never struck down an execution
method as cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment.
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